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传统的河道一维非恒定流数值计算一般采用特征线法和以Preissmann方法为代表的有限差分法.特征线法计算精度比较高,但受时间步长的限制,用于河道一维非恒定流计算时计算效率却不太高.而Preissmann方法相比特征线法计算效率有所提高,但在求解过程中特征量的守恒性却没有做出相应要求.为了兼顾数值计算的效率和特征量的守恒,建立了基于有限体积法的河道一维非恒定流数值计算方法,并分别选取淮河干流洪水和史灌河洪水进行了验证计算,验证计算成果表明所采用的方法特征量守恒性较好,洪峰水位计算值与实测值吻合也较好,可用于河道一维非恒定流计算.
The traditional one-dimensional unsteady flow numerical calculation of the river generally adopts the characteristic line method and the finite difference method represented by the Preissmann method. The characteristic line method has higher computational accuracy but is limited by the time step and is applied to the one-dimensional unsteady flow While the computational efficiency is not too high.While the Preissmann method has higher computational efficiency than the characteristic line method, there is no corresponding requirement for the conservation of the characteristic quantities in the process of solving.In order to balance the efficiency and the characteristic quantity of numerical computation According to the finite volume method, a numerical method for numerical calculation of one-dimensional unsteady flow in a river is established, and the floodwater in the mainstream of the Huaihe River and the flood in the Shuihe River are selected for verification. The calculated results show that the conservation of the characteristic quantity of the method is good, The calculated value of flood peak is in good agreement with the measured value, which can be used to calculate the one-dimensional unsteady flow in the river.