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随着数字化技术及软件系统的广泛应用,很多事故是由于部件间异常的交互所引起,传统的分析方法已经力不从心,基于STAMP(Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes)的安全性分析方法STPA(System Theoretic Process Analysis),可以有效解决这一困难。首先介绍STPA方法及分析步骤,将该方法应用到反应堆紧急停堆子系统,得到了引起停堆失败的可能原因及设计中所应遵守的安全约束,这些约束有益于提高设计的安全性。
With the wide application of digital technology and software system, many accidents are caused by the abnormal interaction among components. The traditional analysis methods are already inadequate. The STPA (System Theoretic) method based on STAMP (System-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes) Process Analysis, can effectively solve this problem. Firstly, the STPA method and the analysis step are introduced. The method is applied to the reactor emergency shutdown subsystem, and the possible causes of the failure and the safety constraints to be observed in the design are obtained. These constraints are beneficial to improve the design safety.