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自远古以来,干燥是人类运用的最原始和最普遍的单元操作,但干燥研究开展的时间相对较短。作为一个能源高度密集的操作,在发达国家的国民工业能源消耗中占显著份额,干燥的研发兴趣随第一次能源危机的发生而产生。一个跨工业部门和地域界限的跨学科和多学科的干燥研发新领域随着1978年国际干燥会议的创立而大体上发展起来,之后于1982年《干燥技术》刊物的创办使之得以巩固。在过去三十年来这个领域的技术文献几乎呈指数增长。然而,对于数以千计的物料,在成百种的不同类型干燥器内进行的干燥过程的复杂性对理解传输现象和材料科学问题的挑战性很大,在几十年内很难解决。在这篇短文中,我将就干燥研发的现状、取得的进步、今后存在的感兴趣领域谈谈个人想法。当然,这篇短文中不可能包罗万象。
Since ancient times, drying has been the most primitive and the most common unit operation for human use, but drying studies have been carried out for relatively short periods of time. As a highly energy-intensive operation, it occupies a significant share of the national industrial energy consumption in developed countries, and the dry interest in research and development follows the first energy crisis. A new interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary dry research and development spanning across industrial sectors and geographical boundaries was largely developed with the founding of the International Drying Convention in 1978, followed by the consolidation of the 1982 dry technology publication. The technical literature in this area has grown exponentially almost over the past three decades. However, the complexity of drying processes in hundreds of different types of dryers for thousands of materials is challenging to understand transmission phenomena and material science issues and is difficult to resolve for decades. In this essay, I will talk about personal ideas about the status quo of dry research and development, the progress made, and the areas of interest that exist in the future. Of course, this essay can not be comprehensive.