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目的:了解杭州市民对食盐加碘策略的认知程度和碘相关知识的知晓情况,为有针对性地开展碘缺乏病防治健康教育提供依据。方法:采用调查问卷,通过随机抽样方法对337名市民进行调查。结果:市民对碘盐可预防碘缺乏病的认识程度较好,对碘缺乏及碘过量造成的危害也有较高认知,大多数的市民(65.88%)认为国家食盐加碘策略基本正确,食盐加碘应该“因地制宜、分类指导”。但也认为目前甲状腺肿瘤发病率确实升高和可能升高的占65.87%,而且有54.89%的市民认为是吃碘盐造成的;27.0%市民认为补碘超过适宜量或碘过量,这也是市民选择无碘盐(16.62%)或交替购买碘盐和无碘盐(35.91%)的主要原因。居民自愿购买碘盐比例偏低(42.73%),不少市民(26.41%)认为,沿海和发达地区应该自主选择碘盐和无碘盐,或农村地区食用加碘盐而城市人群食用无碘盐。结论:应进一步加大健康教育的力度,尤其要重视沿海城市居民碘缺乏病健康教育,探讨因地制宜的健康教育方法及模式。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the cognition of iodine related knowledge and knowledge about iodized salt in Hangzhou citizens, and to provide basis for targeted prevention and cure of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods: A questionnaire was used to investigate 337 citizens by random sampling method. Results: Citizens have a good understanding of the iodine salt prevention of iodine deficiency disorders, and also have a higher awareness of the hazards caused by iodine deficiency and iodine excess. Most citizens (65.88%) think the national salt iodization strategy is basically correct. Salt Iodized should “according to local conditions, classification guide ”. However, it is also believed that the current incidence of thyroid tumors does increase and may rise 65.87%, and 54.89% of citizens think it is caused by eating iodized salt; 27.0% of citizens think that iodine excess excess amount of iodine or excessive, which is also the public The main reasons for choosing iodine-free salt (16.62%) or alternately purchasing iodized salt and non-iodized salt (35.91%). Many residents (26.41%) believe that coastal and developed areas should choose iodized salt and iodine-free salt, or iodized salt should be consumed in rural areas and iodine-free salt should be consumed in urban areas . CONCLUSION: Health education should be further strengthened, with particular emphasis on health education on iodine deficiency disorders in coastal cities, as well as health education methods and models tailored to local conditions.