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多级孔结构碳材料具有结构多样、比表面积高、孔体积大和化学稳定性好等性质,不同尺度的孔道能协同发挥各自的传质优势,在吸附和分离、化学化工、靶向给药和能源储存等方面有独特表现并得到了广泛应用。近年来,国内外将聚氨酯海绵与其他尺度的模板剂相结合制备了许多不同结构的多级孔状碳质材料并应用到不同的领域。本文从多级孔碳材料的制备、结构和应用等角度综述了相关研究工作,并指出合成石墨化、各级孔道合理分配、孔壁薄和机械强度好的多级孔结构的碳材料仍面临诸多问题。
The multi-level pore structure carbon materials have the characteristics of diverse structures, high specific surface area, large pore volume and good chemical stability. The pores of different scales can exert their mass transfer advantages in coordination with each other. Adsorption and separation, chemical chemistry, targeted drug delivery and Energy storage and other aspects of a unique performance and has been widely used. In recent years, polyurethane sponge at home and abroad combined with other scale template preparation of many different structures of porous carbon material and applied to different fields. This paper summarizes the research work on preparation, structure and application of multi-level pore carbon materials and points out that the carbon materials of multi-level pore structure such as synthetic graphitization, rational distribution of pore channels at all levels, thin wall thickness and good mechanical strength are still faced Many problems.