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目的 了解北京市昌平区0～6岁组儿童贫血情况及其影响因素,为进一步预防儿童贫血提供参考.方法 选取2013-2015年在北京市昌平区妇幼保健院进行体检的0～6岁组儿童共计42 881人,使用血常规分析仪进行血液样本检测,并进行统计学分析.结果 2013-2015年北京市昌平区妇幼保健院检出贫血儿童分别为1 209、740和1 586人,检出比例分别为10.62％、5.55％和8.73％,各年贫血检出比例差异有统计学意义(x2=218.74,P＜0.01);男性和女性贫血检出率差异均无统计学意义(x22013 =0.0 878,x22014=1.1 701,x22015 =0.0 593,P＞0.05);0～2岁组儿童贫血检出率波动范围为9.96％～13.38％,3～6岁组儿童贫血检出率波动范围为5.14％～9.44％,各年不同年龄组的贫血检出率差异均有统计学意义(x22013 =38.9 996,x22014=11.5 322,x22015=14.8 331,P＜0.05).结论 北京市昌平区0～6岁组儿童贫血检出率略高于本市同经济状况地区水平,且以轻度贫血为主,0～2岁组贫血检出率较高.应进一步加强健康教育,加强儿童膳食管理,以降低贫血患病率.","Objective To understand the prevalence of anemia in 0 ～ 6 years old children living in Beijing Changping District from 2013 to 2015,and to explore impact factors of the anemia,so as to provide reference for prevention and control of the disease in children.Methods A total of 42 881 children aged 0 ～ 6 years old who visited Beijing Changping Mateal and Child Health Care Hospital from 2013 to 2015,a blood analyzer produced by Sysmex company was used for hemoglobin detection,and to make statistical analysis.Results Detection rates of children in 2013 to 2015 were 10.62％,5.55％ and 8.73％,respectively,there was statistical significance among the three groups (x2 =218.74,P ＜ 0.01).Detection rates of the male and female in each year reached no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Detection rates of 0 ～ 2 years old group ranged from 9.96％ ～ 13.38％ and 3 ～ 6 years old group ranged from 5.14％ ～ 9.44％,detection rates was statistically significant in each year (x22013 =38.9 996,x22014 =11.5 322,x22015 =14.8 331,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Anemia detection rates of 0 ～ 6 years old children in Changping District are slightly higher than that of the district with similar economic level in Beijing,among whom there are mainly mild anemia,0 ～ 2 years old age group has the highest rate of anemia,it is suggested that health education aimed at anemia should be strengthened and children's dietary management should be improved to reduce the disease.