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目的分析人感染新型布尼亚病毒病的临床特点和流行病学特征,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用统一的诊断标准和流行病学个案调查表对病例进行调查。结果 2010—2012年丹东市报告人感染新型布尼亚病毒病确诊病例52例,年平均发病率2.16/10万,病死率为7.69%。临床表现主要为发热(100%)、全身酸痛(82.7%)、头痛(75.0%)、乏力(71.2%)、恶心(76.9%);血常规检查有血小板计数(98.1%)和白细胞计数减少(92.3%);71.2%病例开始表现为感冒症状;病例多来自山区和丘陵地区农村,以男性、中老年、农民为主,发病时间6—10月;48.1%病例发病前有明确的蜱叮咬史,1例二代病例与首例病例为兄妹关系,有血液接触史。结论人感染新型布尼亚病毒病例发病初期临床症状多为感冒且症状不典型,发病有明显地域特征,散发病例多见,动物及媒介蜱在新型布尼亚病毒传染给人的过程中起着重要作用,但不排除人与人传播可能。
Objective To analyze the clinical features and epidemiological characteristics of human infection with new Bunyavirus and provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Uniform diagnostic criteria and epidemiological case questionnaires were used to investigate the cases. Results 52 cases of new Bunyan virus infection were reported in Dandong City between 2010 and 2012, with an average annual incidence of 2.16 / lakh and a case fatality rate of 7.69%. The main clinical manifestations were fever (100%), general aches (82.7%), headache (75.0%), weakness (71.2%) and nausea (76.9%); platelet count (98.1%) and white blood cell count decreased 92.3%); 71.2% cases began to show symptoms of cold; most cases from rural areas in mountainous and hilly areas, mainly male, middle-aged, peasants, the onset time of 6-10 months; 48.1% cases before the onset of a clear history of tick bites , One case of the second generation of cases and the first case of sibling relationship, a history of blood exposure. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of human infection with new Bunia virus were mostly cold and the symptoms were not typical at the early onset of human infection. The incidence of the disease was obvious, and the cases of sporadic cases were common. Animals and ticks played a role in the transmission of new Bunia virus Important role, but does not rule out the possibility of human-to-human transmission.