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地点:一所结核病专科门诊,覆盖人口350885。目的:比较超声雾化(UN)和Venturi面罩雾化(VFMN)两种技术,对不能排痰的可疑活动性肺结核病人获取痰液的效果,并分析在专科医疗机构采用UN诱痰的有效性和成本。设计:采用前瞻性研究,研究时间为1997年10月至2000年3月。结果:94名研究对象完成全部试验,89人(95.6%)获得1个以上痰标本。UN方法获得86份(93.4%)合格样本,而VFMN获得66份(71%)样本,有显著性差异(P<0.001)。在诊断的43例活动性肺结核病人中,有39例通过诱痰获得的标本确诊。直接抗酸杆菌涂片检查有8例(19%)阳性。直接成本比较低并且可以在病人就诊的当天进行检查。结论:UN诱痰可行高、成本低并且可以在大部分不能排痰的病人中获得合格的痰标本,而且比VFMN效果更好。
Location: A tuberculosis specialist clinic covering 350,885. OBJECTIVE: To compare sputum effects of sputum with suspicious active pulmonary tuberculosis patients who can not expectorate sputum by comparing two techniques of ultrasonic atomization (UN) and Venturi mask atomization (VFMN), and analyze the effectiveness of using UN sputum aspiration in specialized medical institutions And cost. Design: A prospective study was conducted from October 1997 to March 2000. RESULTS: Ninety-four subjects completed all the trials and 89 (95.6%) received more than one sputum sample. 86 (93.4%) qualified samples were obtained by the UN method and 66 (71%) samples were obtained by the VFMN, with significant differences (P <0.001). Of the 43 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed, 39 were diagnosed by sputum-derived specimens. Direct acid-fast bacilli smear test in 8 cases (19%) positive. The direct costs are low and can be checked on the day of the patient’s visit. CONCLUSIONS: UN phlegm is feasible, inexpensive and achieves acceptable sputum samples in the majority of patients who are refractory to phlegm and is better than VFMN.