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目的:了解心理督导师从业基本状况及其伦理行为的现状。方法:采用问卷调查法,以自编“心理咨询和治疗伦理问题调查问卷(咨询师版)”作为评价工具。按同行推荐线索发放问卷1000份,回收601份有效问卷,其中回答“在为其他心理咨询或心理治疗人员作督导”167人,列为心理督导师组;根据督导组的性别比例在余下的434份问卷中随机分层抽取178人为对照组。结果:(1)心理督导师组的中、高职称比例(72.5%)高于对照组(51.4%);督导师组咨询实践从业年限6年以上者占46.4%,平均每周工作时间6小时以上者67.7%,而对照组分别为20.0%和39.1%;与对照组相比,心理督导师对每一个来访者平均的治疗次数多、遵守咨询时间更好、收费更高(督导师组每例来访者平均治疗次数6次以上、咨询时间在50分钟/次、收费>50元/次,分别为62%、74.9%和78.5%,而对照组分别为37.1%、57.6%和60%);督导师组接受3个月以上脱产培训或连续2年正规心理治疗培训者(78.2%)多于对照组(54.4%)。以上两组间的比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(2)在心理咨询和治疗的过程中,督导师组较对照组较少有力不从心、难以胜任之感(67.7%vs.79.7%),较少有害怕、担心等负性情绪体验(46.3%vs.67%),更多的人接受过心理治疗或督导(78.8%vs.63.5%),能更好地遵守时间设置(76.5%vs.62.3%),知情同意方面交代得更清楚(87.8%vs.78.2%,Ps<0.05)。结论:国内目前心理督导师的从业基本状况较好,较心理咨询和治疗师有较高的资质,行业伦理行为(如专业能力、知情同意、遵守治疗设置方面)多数较好,有些方面(如双重关系、隐私保密方面)尚需加强。
Objective: To understand the status quo of mental supervisors and their ethical behavior. Methods: The questionnaire survey was used to evaluate the psychological consultation and treatment ethics questionnaire (consultant version) “as the evaluation tool. According to peer recommended clues issued 1000 questionnaires, recycling 601 valid questionnaires, which answer ”for other psychological counseling or psychotherapy staff to supervise " 167 people, as the psychological supervisor group; according to the supervision group sex ratio in the remaining Of the 434 questionnaires randomly stratified extraction of 178 people as the control group. Results: (1) The proportion of middle and senior professional titles in the Psychological Supervisor Group was higher than that in the control group (72.4%) (51.4%). The supervisor group had 46.4% consulting practice years with 6 years or above, and the average weekly working time was 6 hours Compared with 67.0% in the control group, 20.0% in the control group and 39.1% in the control group respectively. Compared with the control group, the psychological supervisor had more treatment times for each visitor on average and had better consultation time and higher fees For example, the average number of visits was 6 times or more, the consultation time was 50 minutes / time, and the fee was> 50 yuan / time, accounting for 62%, 74.9% and 78.5% respectively, compared with 37.1%, 57.6% and 60% respectively in the control group) ; Supervisor group received more than three months of abortion training or two consecutive years of regular psychotherapy trainers (78.2%) than the control group (54.4%). The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.01). (2) In the course of psychological counseling and treatment, the supervisor group had less power and difficulty than the control group (67.7% vs.79.7%), less fear and worry (36.3% vs.67%), more people were psychologically treated or supervised (78.8% vs.63.5%), were better able to adhere to the time setting (76.5% vs.62.3%), and informed consent was clearer (87.8 vs % vs.78.2%, Ps <0.05). Conclusion: At present, the mentor supervisors in our country have better basic working conditions than counselors and therapists, and the ethical behaviors of the profession (such as professional ability, informed consent and treatment compliance) are better than others. In some aspects, Double relationship, privacy and confidentiality) still need to be strengthened.