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目的了解神经外科重症监护病房(NICU)医院感染的病原菌分布特点及相关危险因素,为防治医院感染提供有效的参考。方法对NICU2007-01-2009-02121例医院感染患者送检标本细菌培养结果进行统计分析。结果从121例患者1280份标本中共分离出病原菌202株,主要来源于下呼吸道、各种引流管、泌尿道等。其中G-菌占61.38%,以杆菌为主;G+菌占27.22%,以葡萄球菌为主;真菌占11.38%。结论 NICU医院感染主要以G-杆菌引起的下呼吸道为主,可能与侵入性操作、神经功能受损致生理功能受到抑制、颅内压高致频繁的呕吐导致误吸、患者的机体抵抗力下降、广谱抗菌药物的不合理使用等有一定的关系。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics and related risk factors of pathogenic bacteria in nosocomial intensive care unit (NICU) hospital infection and to provide an effective reference for the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections. Methods NICU2007-01-2009-02121 cases of nosocomial infections in patients with specimens of bacterial culture results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 202 pathogens were isolated from 1280 specimens of 121 patients, mainly from the lower respiratory tract, various drainage tubes and urinary tract. Among them, G- bacteria accounted for 61.38%, mainly Bacillus; G + bacteria accounted for 27.22%, mainly Staphylococcus; fungi accounted for 11.38%. CONCLUSIONS: NICU is mainly caused by lower respiratory tract caused by G-bacilli. It may be associated with invasive operation and impaired neurological function. The intracranial pressure caused by high intracranial pressure and frequent vomiting may lead to aspiration and the patient’s body resistance is decreased , The broad use of antimicrobial agents have a certain relationship.