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低温冷害是影响我省农业生产最大的气象灾害,它严重地威胁着农业生产的增产稳收。为了认识低温冷害的发生规律,我们对长春气象资料进行了分析,初步看出有这样的趋势:第一,以作物生育期5—9月积温低于2850℃为低温年指标,1950—1976年这27年中有8年属于低温年,平均3年多出现一次低温年;第二,5—9月积温低于2800℃的重低温年,1950年以来共有5年,近10年就出现3次(1969、1972、1976年),频率加大;第三,5次重低温年下一年的温度均高于历年平均温度,但是解放前5次重低温年有两年是连续发生的(1912和1913年)。
Chilling damage is the largest meteorological disaster affecting agricultural production in our province, which seriously threatens the steady increase of agricultural production. In order to understand the occurrence of chilling damage, we analyzed the Changchun meteorological data, and initially showed the following trends: First, the monthly temperature during the period of crop growth from May to September of less than 2850 ℃ was the low temperature index, 1950-1976 In these 27 years, 8 years belong to the low-temperature year, with an average of more than 3 years of low-temperature year. Second, from January to September, when the accumulated temperature is below 2800 ℃, there are 5 years since 1950 and 3 in the past 10 years (1969, 1972, 1976), the frequency increased; the third and fifth heavy low temperature year the temperature of the year are higher than the average temperature over the years, but before the liberation of five heavy low temperature two consecutive years of occurrence ( 1912 and 1913).