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本调查应用流行病学方法 ,对上海 4 0 3 7名妇女婚后初育前的避孕情况进行了调查。了解婚后初育前避孕知识的来源和避孕的实施状况。调查表明 :1 ) 76 .9%的妇女在婚后初育前了解避孕套的使用方法 ,2 7.6 %的妇女使用过避孕套 ;50 .1 %的妇女了解安全期避孕 ;3 4.5%曾使用过安全期避孕 ;72 .4 %的妇女了解口服避孕药方法 ;1 3 .9%的人初育前口服过避孕药 ;3 1 .2 %的妇女知道体外排精法 ;1 0 .4 %的妇女在婚后初育前使用过该法 ;89.8%的妇女知道 IUD;但仅有 1 4.7%的妇女在婚后初育前采用过 IUD方法。避孕知识的主要来源是书刊杂志。2 )多元 L ogistic回归分析表明 :影响婚后初育前避孕的主要因素是 :夫妻文化程度、职业及其户口性质。3 )值得注意的是 :初育前 ,3 8.2 %的人曾有过 1次妊娠 ,7.7%的人有过 2次妊娠。其中 ,第 1次妊娠的主要原因 70 .2 %是没有采取避孕措施 70 .% ,7.0 %是避孕失败 ;第 2次妊娠的主要原因同样是没有采取任何避孕措施和避孕失败 ,分别是 4 5.7%和 2 0 .6 %。结果提示 :今后应加强避孕知识宣教 ,增加妇女避孕知识的深度和广度 ,制订和完善婚前、婚后的计划生育常规服务 ,使广大妇女真正做到知情选择 ,尽早落实可行的避孕方法 ,从而减少非意愿妊娠和人工流产。
The survey used epidemiological methods to investigate the contraceptive status of 4,037 women in Shanghai before marriage. Understand the source of contraceptive knowledge before marriage and the status of contraception. The survey showed that: 1) 76.9% of women knew how to use condoms before marriage, 2,6% of women used condoms, 50,1% of women knew about contraception during the safety period, 4.5% used 72.4% of women knew about oral contraceptives; 13.9% of people had oral contraceptives before beginning of childbirth; 31.2% of women knew about the method of in vitro excretion; and 1.04% Of women used it before marriage; 89.8% of women knew of IUD; but only 14.7% of women used IUD before marriage. The main source of contraceptive knowledge is books and magazines. 2) Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing contraception before marriage after childbirth were the education level of husband and wife, occupation and the nature of their account. 3) It is noteworthy that before the start of childbirth, 3 8.2% of people had had 1 pregnancy and 7.7% had 2 pregnancies. Among them, the first reason for pregnancy 70.2% is not taking contraceptive measures 70%, 7.0% is the contraceptive failure; the second reason for pregnancy is the same without any contraceptive measures and contraceptive failure, respectively 4 5.7 % And 20.6%. The results suggest that we should strengthen the education of contraceptive knowledge and increase the depth and breadth of contraceptive knowledge in the future so as to formulate and perfect the regular services of prenatal and postnatal family planning so that the majority of women can truly make informed choices and implement practicable contraceptive methods as soon as possible, Unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion.