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以培矮64S、Y58S、广占63-2S、H638S为材料,R527为恢复系,在育性敏感期利用人工气候室以24、27、30、33、36℃5个温度连续处理6 d,以田间自然温度条件作对照(CK,平均温度29.8℃),研究温度对不育系幼穗生理生化特性和抽穗开花期异交特性的影响。结果表明:培矮64S和Y58S在27℃处理时柱头总外露率最高,分别为86.81%、86.06%,广占63-2S和H638S在24℃处理时柱头总外露率最高,分别76.24%、81.76%;4个不育系的柱头活力系数均在24℃处理时表现最好,分别为1.96、2.12、1.74、1.94;培矮64S、广占63-2S和H638S在24℃处理时异交结实率最高,分别为58.87%、54.22%、50.50%,Y58S在27℃处理时异交结实率最高,为58.96%;33℃处理时,4个不育系的过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著高于对照;36℃处理时,4个不育系丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸的含量显著高于对照。综合以上结果,培矮64S育性敏感期以24℃处理较好,Y58S、广占63-2S、H638S育性敏感期以27℃处理较好。
Using Pei’ai 64S, Y58S, Guangxian 63-2S and H638S as materials and R527 as restorer lines, the artificial climate chamber was used for continuous treatment for 6 d at 24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 ℃ in the fertility sensitive period, Field temperature control (CK, mean temperature 29.8 ℃) was used to study the effects of temperature on the physiological and biochemical characteristics and the outcrossing characteristics at heading and flowering stage. The results showed that the total stigma exsertion rates of Pei’ai 64S and Y58S were the highest at 86 ℃, 86.81% and 86.06% respectively at 27 ℃. The total exserted stigma rate was 76.24% and 81.76 %. The stigma viability coefficients of four sterile lines were the best at 24 ℃, which were 1.96, 2.12, 1.74 and 1.94, respectively. Pei’ai 64S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S had the best results at 24 ℃ The highest rate was 58.87%, 54.22% and 50.50% respectively. The highest rate of outcrossing was 58.96% when Y58S was treated at 27 ℃. The activity of peroxidase (POD) of the four sterile lines was significantly higher at 33 ℃ Higher than the control; the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline in the four sterile lines at 36 ℃ were significantly higher than those in the control. Based on the above results, treatment of Pei’ai 64S at 24 ℃ was better at 24 ℃, while treatment at Y58S and W-63S and H638S at 27 ℃ was more sensitive.