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以芦荟(Aloe vera)茎切段为材料,接种于 MS 加不同植物激素组合的培养基上,成功地经愈伤组织至球状体至不定芽途径形成大量再生植株。在各种细胞分裂素的应用中,玉米素(Zt)效果最好,激动素(Kt)次之。生长素 NAA 与玉米素及激动素配合使用,对愈伤组织的诱导和球状体的发生有明显增效作用,其最适宜的培养基组成为 MS+Zt2ppm+NAA0.5ppm。通过扫描电镜及组织细胞学观察表明,球状体起源于愈伤组织表面,它为一顶端凹陷,具较强分生潜力的细胞团。在其顶端先经两次鳞片原基分化以后,于鳞片原基之间再形成不定芽原基,最后分化出不定芽及发育成小植株。球状体可以看作为具有形成不定芽能力的繁殖单位。
Aloe vera stem segments were used as material to inoculate MS with different plant hormones, and a large number of regenerated plants were successfully formed through callus to spheroids to adventitious buds. Among various cytokinin applications, zeatin (Zt) was the best and kinetin (Kt) was the second. NAA, in combination with zeatin and kinetin, had a synergistic effect on the induction of callus and the spheroid formation. The most suitable medium consisted of MS + Zt2ppm + NAA0.5ppm. Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the spheroids originated from the surface of the callus, which is a cell cluster with a concave top and strong potential for meristematic differentiation. At the top of the first two scales primordial differentiation, the formation of adventitious bud primordia between the primordial scales, and finally differentiate into adventitious buds and develop into small plants. Spheroids can be considered as reproductive units that have the ability to form adventitious buds.