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Verschueren( 1 999)指出语言具有三种特性 :可变性、协商性和顺应性。本文主要讨论了语言可变性的语义基础与语用价值。语言可变性与语言变化既有联系又有区别。两者的联系在于 ,它们都涉及到了语言的变化 ;它们的区别在于 ,两者所涉及到的语言的变化属于不同性质的变化 ,前者是共时性的 ,而后者则是历时性的。本文认为 ,语言可变性有其自身的语义基础 ,其语义基础在于 ,语言的基本结构与派生结构之间存在着衍推关系 ;语言可变性的语用价值在于 ,语言使用者可以根据其交际目的和语境 /情景的要求 ,从语言所提供的各种可能选项中选择使用恰当的语言结构 ,传递所要表达的信息 ,促成交际双方的互动 ,从而实现交际意图。
Verschueren (1999) pointed out that language has three characteristics: variability, negotiation and compliance. This article mainly discusses the semantic basis and pragmatic value of language variability. Linguistic variability and language change are both linked and different. The connection between the two is that they all involve the change of language; the difference between them is that the change of the language involved in the two belong to the change of different nature. The former is synchronic while the latter is diachronic. This paper argues that linguistic variability has its own semantic foundation, and its semantic basis lies in that the basic structure of a language is derived from the derivative structure. The pragmatic value of linguistic variability lies in the fact that language users can, based on their communicative purposes And context / scenario requirements, choose the appropriate language structure from the various possible options provided by the language, convey the information to be expressed, and facilitate the interaction between the two parties in order to achieve the communicative intention.