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目的探讨煤工尘肺、矽肺患者各期肺功能损伤情况,分析尘肺期别、尘肺片小阴影密集度、小阴影分布肺区、阴影类型、吸烟、工龄对2种尘肺病肺功能的影响。方法对煤工尘肺、矽肺病例期别、工龄、是否吸烟进行分组,行统一的尘肺病X线胸片、肺功能测定,运用χ2检验、Spearman等级相关分析、独立样本t检验进行统计学分析。结果 1煤工尘肺、矽肺期别越高,肺功能异常率越高;煤工尘肺、矽肺各期别组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2煤工尘肺、矽肺X线胸片小阴影密集度、小阴影分布肺区与肺功能异常率呈正相关,Spearman等级相关分析rs值分别为0.943、0.986。3煤工尘肺和矽肺有大阴影和小阴影聚集者较仅有小阴影者肺功能异常率高(P<0.05)。4随着工龄的增加,肺功能异常率呈增长趋势,但组间未见统计学差异。5吸烟组和戒烟组较不吸烟组肺功能异常率升高(P<0.01)。结论尘肺病期别越高,肺功能异常率越高。煤工尘肺、矽肺患者小阴影密集度、小阴影分布肺区与肺功能异常率呈正相关。有大阴影和小阴影聚集者较仅有小阴影者对肺功能影响大。吸烟组和戒烟组的肺功能异常率高于不吸烟组。
Objective To investigate the lung function impairment in coal worker’s pneumoconiosis and silicosis patients and to analyze the influence of pneumoconiosis, pneumoconiosis density, small shadow distribution of lung area, shadow type, smoking and length of service on lung function of two pneumoconiosis patients. Methods Coal pneumoconiosis, silicosis cases, length of service, whether smoking were grouped, and a unified pneumoconiosis X-ray and pulmonary function test were performed. The chi-square test, Spearman rank correlation analysis and independent sample t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results 1 Coal workers ’pneumoconiosis and silicosis stage had the higher rate of pulmonary function abnormalities. There was significant difference between coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and silicosis stages (P <0.01). 2 coal workers pneumoconiosis, silicosis X-ray low intensity of small shadow, the distribution of small shadows of lungs and pulmonary function abnormalities was positively correlated, Spearman rank correlation analysis rs values were 0.943,0.986.3 coal workers pneumoconiosis and silicosis have a big shadow and The incidence of abnormal lung function in those with small shadow compared with those with only small shadow (P <0.05). 4 With the increase of seniority, the abnormal rate of pulmonary function showed an increasing trend, but there was no statistical difference between the groups. The lung function abnormalities in smoking group and smoking cessation group were higher than those in smoking cessation group (P <0.01). Conclusions The higher the pneumoconiosis stage, the higher the rate of pulmonary dysfunction. Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis, silicosis patients with small shadow density, small shadow distribution of lung area and lung function was positively correlated. There is a big shadow and a small shadow of those gathered only a small shadow on the lung function. The rate of lung dysfunction in smoking group and smoking cessation group was higher than that in non-smoking group.