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目的了解2005—2015年珠海市风疹流行病学特征,为风疹防控提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对报告的风疹病例进行分析,并收集研究对象含风疹成分疫苗(RCV)免疫接种信息,根据疫苗效力(VE)估算RCV接种率。结果 2005—2015年珠海市风疹年均报告发病率为1.43/10万,2011年后发病率呈上升趋势,2013—2015年分别为2.22/10万、2.15/10万和2.32/10万。2005—2015年<1岁儿童风疹平均报告发病率为20.94/10万,育龄女性(15~49岁)风疹发病率为0.35/10万~2.74/10万。按照VE=77%和95%估算9月龄~<2岁组儿童≥1剂次RCV接种率分别为73.10%和92.59%;2~6岁组儿童≥1剂次接种率分别为50.57%和82.47%。结论珠海市近年风疹报告发病率呈上升趋势,其中<1岁儿童和育龄女性风疹发病率较高。儿童常规RCV接种率需进一步提高。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Zhuhai City from 2005 to 2015 and provide basis for prevention and control of rubella. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the reported cases of rubella and information on subjects vaccinated with rubella component vaccine (RCV) was collected. RCV vaccination rates were estimated on the basis of vaccine efficacy (VE). Results The annual reported incidence of rubella in Zhuhai was between 1.43 / lakh and 2005-2015, and the incidence rate showed an upward trend after 2011 with 2.22 / lakh, 2.15 / lakh and 2.32 / lakh respectively in 2013-2015. The average incidence of rubella in children aged <1 year from 2005 to 2015 was 20.94 / 100 000 and the incidence of rubella in women of childbearing age (15-49 years old) was 0.35 / 100,000-2.77 million. According to the VE = 77% and 95%, the inoculation rates of RCVs ≥1 for children aged 9 months ~ <2 years were 73.10% and 92.59%, respectively; and those for children aged 2-6 years were 50.57% and 82.47%. Conclusion The prevalence of rubella in Zhuhai City in recent years has been on the rise. Among them, the incidence of rubella in children <1 year old and women of childbearing age is higher. Children’s routine RCV vaccination rate needs to be further improved.