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杏(Armeniaca vulgaris)又称为杏仁树、杏梅树、杏子,为蔷薇科植物。原产我国,有十分悠久的栽培历史。先秦历书《夏小正》记载:“四月,囿有见杏”。我国野生种和栽培品种资源都非常丰富。全世界杏属植物划分为6个地理生态群和24个区域性亚群,共有10个种。我国就有杏、志丹杏、西伯利亚杏、梅等9个种。杏的品种很多,主要有果肉用杏和仁用杏,果肉用杏是主要的类型。仁用杏,其果肉较少而口味较差,但种仁大而适合食用或药用,仁用杏中的大杏仁是重要干果之一。此外还有果肉和种仁兼用型。我国杏的栽培品种有近3000个,大部分省区有分布,主产黑龙江、辽宁、吉林、内蒙古、河北、河南、山东、江苏、山西、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、新疆、四川、贵州等地。
Apricot (Armeniaca vulgaris), also known as almond trees, apricot plum, apricot, Rosaceae plants. Originated in China, there is a very long history of cultivation. Pre-Qin almanac “Xia Xiaozheng” records: “April, 囿 see apricot ”. China’s wild species and cultivated species resources are very rich. Apricot plants worldwide are divided into six geographical groups and 24 regional sub-groups, a total of 10 species. China has apricot, Zhideng apricot, Siberian apricot, plum and other 9 species. Apricot many varieties, mainly with apricot pulp and apricot apricot, apricot pulp is the main type. Apricot apricot, its flesh less taste is poor, but the seed is large and suitable for food or medicinal, almond apricot in the almonds is one of the important dried fruit. In addition there are flesh and seed kernel type. There are nearly 3000 cultivars of apricot in our country, most of which are distributed in the provinces and autonomous regions. The main products are Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Sichuan and Guizhou .