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目的分析湖北省城乡居民传染病防治素养水平的分布状况及影响因素,为传染病的预防控制提供科学依据。方法2012年9月采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,在全省确定15个监测点并随机抽取15~69岁常住人口4 501人,采用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》开展问卷调查,主要分析指标为传染病防治素养水平,应用χ2检验和Logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果湖北省居民传染病防治素养水平为18.71%,传染病防治不同知识点的正确回答率差异较大,其中关于狂犬病知识的正确率最高为93.28%,关于“咳嗽打喷嚏的正确处理方法”和“结核病的处理方式”2个知识点的正确率最低,分别为20.24%和26.20%;文化程度、职业和家庭收入是居民传染病防治素养水平的影响因素:随着文化程度的升高,传染病防治素养水平也随之升高[OR值为1.45(95%CI:1.28~1.65)];医务人员的传染病防治素养高于其他人群[OR值为3.32(95%CI:2.01~5.48)],其他事业单位人员的传染病防治素养高于其他人群[OR值为2.42(95%CI:1.70~3.44)],农民的传染病防治素养低于其他人群[OR值为0.65(95%CI:0.49~0.86)]。随着家庭收入的增加,传染病防治素养增加[OR值为1.25(95%CI:1.11~1.41)]。结论湖北省居民的传染病防治素养水平较低,应该针对掌握程度差的知识点,以文化程度低、家庭收入低和农民等人群为重点,采取群众喜闻乐见的形式进一步加大传染病防治知识的宣传力度,有效的预防和控制传染性疾病。
Objective To analyze the distribution and influencing factors of infectious disease prevention and treatment level among urban and rural residents in Hubei Province and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods In September 2012, a multistage stratified random sampling method was used to determine 15 monitoring points in the province and randomly selected 4 501 residents aged from 15 to 69. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the “National Health Literacy Surveillance Survey Questionnaire” The main analysis indicators for the level of infectious disease prevention and treatment, using χ2 test and Logistic regression analysis. Results The level of infectious disease prevention and control in Hubei Province was 18.71%. The correct answer rate of different knowledge points in infectious disease was quite different. The highest correct rate of knowledge on rabies was 93.28%. The correct method of cough and sneeze “And” TB treatment “,” the two knowledge points have the lowest correct rates of 20.24% and 26.20% respectively; educational level, occupation and household income are the influencing factors of resident infectious disease prevention and treatment literacy level: The odds ratio was 1.45 (95% CI: 1.28-1.65). The infectious disease prevention and treatment literacy among medical staff was higher than other groups [OR = 3.32 (95% CI: (OR = 2.42 (95% CI: 1.70 ~ 3.44)]. The infectious disease prevention and treatment literacy of peasants was lower than that of other groups [OR = 0.65 (95% CI: 0.49-0.86)]. With the increase of family income, the prevention and cure of infectious diseases increased [OR = 1.25 (95% CI: 1.11-1.41)]. Conclusion Residents in Hubei Province have a relatively low level of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Focusing on the low level of knowledge, low literacy, low family income and peasants, Hubei residents should take the form of loved by the masses to further increase the knowledge of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases Publicity efforts, effective prevention and control of infectious diseases.