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植物性次生物质在植物-害虫的关系中起着非常重要的作用,植物中的一些成分对害虫具有熏蒸、触杀和驱避等作用。水菖蒲Acorus calamusL.是一种常用中药,它的主要杀虫活性成分为β-细辛醚。本研究通过室内生测试验研究了水菖蒲根茎提取物β-细辛醚对玉米象Sitophilus zeamaisMotschulsky、谷蠹Rhyzopertha dominica(Fabricius)、赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum(Herbst)和四纹豆象Callosobruchus maculatus(Fabricius)4种储粮害虫的熏蒸击倒和致死作用。结果表明:β-细辛醚对4种试虫的熏蒸击倒和致死作用明显。以50μL/L的浓度处理120h后,对玉米象、谷蠹和四纹豆象的击倒作用均达到100%,而对赤拟谷盗击倒率为50%;玉米象、谷蠹和四纹豆象的死亡率分别为81.23%,97.78%和100%,而赤拟谷盗死亡率仅为8.89%。处理24h,β-细辛醚对玉米象、谷蠹、赤拟谷盗和四纹豆象的KC50分别为49.38,102.96,124.04和1.07μL/L;处理120h,β-细辛醚对玉米象、谷蠹、赤拟谷盗和四纹豆象的LC50分别为17.82,4.42,116.48和0.73μL/L。结果显示水菖蒲根茎提取物β-细辛醚对4种储粮害虫均具有明显的熏蒸效果,具有开发为储粮害虫熏蒸剂的潜力。
Plant-derived secondary biomass plays a very important role in the plant-pest relationship. Some of the plant components have fumigation, contact and repellent effects on pests. Acorus calamus L. is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, its main insecticidal active ingredient is β-asarone. In this study, we studied the effects of β-asarone, an extract of rhizome of Acorus calamus, on the growth of maize like Sitophilus zeamaisMotschulsky, Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius) fumigation of four stored grain pests and lethal effects. The results showed that the effect of β-asarone on fumigation and lethality of 4 species of test insects was obvious. The knock-down effect on corn, cinerea and tetrapod was up to 100% after 120 h of treatment with 50 μL / L, while the knockdown rate was 50% The death rate of Myrtle is 81.23%, 97.78% and 100% respectively, while the death rate of Tribolium is only 8.89%. The KC50 of β-asarone to corn, stem borer, red tarragon and tetraploid was 49.38,102.96,124.04 and 1.07μL / L, respectively. After treatment for 120h, , Respectively. The LC50 of Trichosanthes, Trichosanthes and Tetrastiga were 17.82, 4.42, 116.48 and 0.73 μL / L, respectively. The results showed that β-asarone, an extract of rhizome of Acorus cantoniensis, had obvious fumigation effect on the four kinds of stored grain pests and had the potential of developing fumigation agents for stored grain pests.