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目的了解甘肃省武山县饮水型地方性氟中毒病情变化和防治措施落实效果,为及时调整防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用随机抽样法,对抽取的病区村进行地方性氟中毒有关指标调查,8~12岁儿童氟斑牙采用Deans分度诊断;水氟测定采用生活饮用水标准检验方法(GB/T5750.6),尿氟测定采用离子选择电极法(WS/T89-1996);临床和X线氟骨症诊断采用地方性氟骨症诊断标准(WS 192-1999)。结果改水后84.62%水样水氟含量符合国家饮用水标准(≤1.0 mg/L);8~12岁儿童尿氟均值0.90 mg/L,8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率平均为29.17%,氟斑牙指数0.19;临床氟骨症检出率23.65%,成人尿氟均值2.67 mg/L。结论武山县以改水为主的综合性防治措施取得了良好的防治成效,改换水源是预防饮水型地氟病最有效的方法。
Objective To understand the effect of endemic fluorosis in Wushan County, Gansu Province, and the implementation of control measures, so as to provide a scientific basis for the timely adjustment of prevention and treatment strategies. Methods A random sampling method was used to investigate the indexes of endemic fluorosis in the ward. The dental fluorosis of children aged 8 ~ 12 years was diagnosed by Deans classification. The standard test method of drinking water was adopted for the determination of water fluoride (GB / T5750). 6). Urinary fluoride was determined by ion selective electrode method (WS / T89-1996). Diagnostic criteria of clinical skeletal fluorosis were used in clinical and X-ray diagnosis of skeletal fluorosis (WS 192-1999). Results The fluoride content of 84.62% water sample after water modification met the national standard of drinking water (≤1.0 mg / L); mean urine fluoride of children aged 8 ~ 12 was 0.90 mg / L, and the average detection rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 ~ 12 was 29.17%, dental fluorosis index 0.19; clinical skeletal fluorosis 23.65%, urinary fluoride average 2.67 mg / L. Conclusion Wushan County has achieved a good prevention and cure effect with comprehensive prevention and control measures based on water diversion. Changing the water source is the most effective way to prevent drinking water-borne fluoride disease.