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视觉文化时代的到来已是一种不可逆转的趋势,而视觉时代是人类历史发展继原始图腾时代、文字时代之后的第三个时代。在电影、电视、报纸、书刊、互联网等大众媒介不断发展而制造出种种视觉符号的同时,信息的可视化便得以加强了。而摄影作为视觉时代主要的视觉媒介之一,在视觉文化领域有着不可忽视的重要影响。其中,摄影和死亡主题的紧密联系给视觉文化研究提供了很好的素材。本文以近十几年荷赛世界新闻摄影奖和普利策新闻奖获奖图片作为研究样本,通过内容分析的方法,以格式塔心理学为图片解读的心理完形理论,并基于符号学对摄影作品的表征进行分析,目的是研究西方新闻摄影中死亡主题摄影作品的特点以及差异,了解关于死亡的报道方式、审美趣味和意识形态,并为与死亡相关主题的摄影报道提供一些参考。
The advent of the visual culture era is an irreversible trend. The visual era is the third era after the primitive totem era and the literary era after the development of human history. As the mass media such as movies, television, newspapers, books, the Internet and other media evolve to create visual symbols, information visualization can be strengthened. As one of the main visual media in the visual era, photography has a significant impact that can not be ignored in the field of visual culture. Among them, the close connection between the theme of photography and death provided a good material for visual culture research. In this paper, the past ten years, the World Video Photography Prize and Pulitzer Prize Award winning picture as a sample, through content analysis method, Gestalt psychology as a picture interpretation of the psychological theory of conformity, and based on semiotics of photographic works The purpose of this study is to study the characteristics and differences of death-themed photographic works in western news photography, to find out the ways of reporting on death, aesthetic taste and ideology, and to provide some reference for the photography of death-related topics.