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形状记忆聚合物(SMPs)是一种刺激响应型智能材料,在受到热、电、交变磁场、光、湿度或化学等外界刺激时,材料能够发生较大的可回复形变,在生物医用材料、航天航空、汽车、纺织等领域有广泛的应用。但SMPs强度和模量低,形状回复应力小,回复速度较慢等缺点限制了其应用,纳米复合可以克服SMPs的这些缺点。本文在介绍SMPs的基础理论基础上,从纳米改性的目的和激发方式出发,综述了不同纳米颗粒与SMPs的作用机理,并展望了纳米复合SMPs的研究和发展趋势。
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are stimuli-responsive smart materials that can undergo large, reversible deformations when subjected to external stimuli such as heat, electricity, alternating magnetic fields, light, humidity, or chemistry. In biomedical materials , Aerospace, automotive, textile and other fields have a wide range of applications. However, the shortcomings of SMPs, such as low strength and modulus, small shape recovery stress and slow recovery speed, have limited their application. Nanocomposites can overcome these shortcomings of SMPs. Based on the introduction of the basic theory of SMPs, the mechanism of different nanoparticles and SMPs was reviewed based on the purpose of nano-modification and the excitation mode. The research and development trend of nano-composite SMPs were also prospected.