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高血压是老年人群中一种常见疾病,其发病率随年龄增长而增加。资料显示在80岁以上老年人中高血压的发病率高达90%以上。老年高血压可以显著增加脑卒中与冠心病事件的危险性。虽然既往一些研究显示为老年高血压患者进行降压治疗可以显著降低靶器官损害发生率,但在现行临床实践中其控制率依然很低。近年来陆续结束的一些临床研究进一步表明老年患者降压治疗可以显著获益,为积极控制老年人高血压提供了更多证据。文中对老年人群中高血压的流行病学特征及防治现状、老年高血压的血压特点、老年高血压的药物治疗进展及高龄老年人高血压的治疗进行综述。
Hypertension is a common disease in the elderly and its incidence increases with age. Data show that the incidence of hypertension in older people over 80 years old as high as 90%. Elderly hypertension can significantly increase the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease. Although some previous studies have shown that antihypertensive treatment for elderly patients with hypertension can significantly reduce the incidence of target organ damage, but in the current clinical practice, its control rate is still low. In recent years, a number of clinical studies have concluded that antihypertensive treatment in elderly patients can be significantly benefited, and actively control the elderly to provide more evidence of hypertension. This paper reviewed the epidemiological characteristics and prevention and treatment of hypertension in the elderly population, the characteristics of blood pressure in senile hypertension, the progress of medical treatment of senile hypertension and the treatment of hypertension in the elderly.