论文部分内容阅读
一、前言我局铜业公司建有8m~2铜阳极炉。用来精炼固体铜为阳极铜。原设计采用重油燃烧工艺,因油料供应紧张。1982年改为人工烧大同碎煤。生产实践证明,这种人工烧煤有以下几个缺点: 1.工人的劳动强度大,每班至少要固定4～5人铲煤烧火,辐射温度高、劳动条件差、环境恶劣。 2.燃料利用率低,煤燃烧不完全,渣含碳20～30％。有时高达40％以上,且排烟温度较高。普遍在900～1000℃、余热未能充分利用。 3.煤耗高,每吨阳极铜耗煤始终徘徊在500～700公斤,与国内同类厂家相比,煤的单耗高出1倍以上。 4.金属直收效率低。人工烧煤,炉子升温慢。熔炼周期长,熔池表面积灰严重,渣量大,渣含铜高(达30％),从而降低了直收率,升高了冶炼成本。针对以上存在的问题,我
I. Preface Our bureau copper company built 8m ~ 2 copper anode furnace. Used to refine solid copper anode copper. The original design uses heavy oil combustion process, due to tight oil supply. In 1982 changed to artificial Datong broken coal. Production practice has proved that this artificial coal has several shortcomings: 1. The labor intensity of workers, each class should be fixed at least 4 to 5 shovel coal burning, high radiation temperature, poor working conditions, poor environment. 2. Low fuel efficiency, incomplete combustion of coal, carbon residue 20 to 30%. Sometimes up to 40% or more, and the exhaust gas temperature is high. Generally at 900 ~ 1000 ℃, waste heat failed to make full use of. 3. High coal consumption, coal consumption per ton of anode copper has always hovered in the 500 ~ 700 kg, compared with similar domestic manufacturers, coal unit consumption more than 1 times higher. 4. Direct metal harvesting efficiency is low. Artificially burning coal, furnace temperature slow. Smelting cycle is long, the pool surface ash serious, large amount of slag, copper slag high (up to 30%), thereby reducing the direct yield, raising the cost of smelting. In view of the above problems, I