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目的为了解水族和仡佬族HLA-G基因14bp插入/缺失多态性与其遗传背景之间相互关系。方法采用PCR扩增及测序的方法,对来自贵州地区水族和仡佬族340例健康个体的HLA-G 14bp插入/缺失进行检测和分析。并采用毛细管电泳的方法,对这两个群体各40人的10个微卫星位点进行了分型,用于分析这两个群体间的遗传关系。结果用10个微卫星对遗传背景的分析表明,这两个群体的遗传关系较近。而14 bp插入等位基因频率存在差异(14 bp插入等位基因频率:水族,0.455;仡佬族,0.336;经χ2检验,P=0.0016)。并且根据10个微卫星位点所绘制的群体系统发育树与根据14bp所绘制的基因树也存在较大差异。结论群体的遗传背景与14bp的分布频率并不一致。考虑到HLA在进化中可能受到的平衡选择作用,群体中14bp的频率分布可能不仅仅是由于遗传背景所决定的,其他因素如自然选择可能打破了遗传背景对HLA-G14bp的插入/缺失多态性分布的影响。
Objective To understand the relationship between the 14 bp insertion / deletion polymorphism of HLA-G gene and its genetic background in Shui and Mulao ethnic groups. Methods The HLA-G 14bp insertions / deletions of 340 healthy individuals from Shui and Gelao ethnic groups in Guizhou Province were detected and analyzed by PCR amplification and sequencing. The microsatellite loci of 40 individuals in each of the two populations were genotyped by capillary electrophoresis to analyze the genetic relationship between the two populations. Results Analysis of the genetic background using 10 microsatellites showed that the genetic relationship between the two groups was relatively close. The 14 bp insertion allele frequencies differed (14 bp insertion allele frequency: aquarium, 0.455; Mulao, 0.336; χ2 test, P = 0.0016). And according to the 10 microsatellite loci drawn by the population phylogenetic tree and according to the 14bp mapping of the gene tree there is a big difference. Conclusion The genetic background of the population is not consistent with the distribution frequency of 14bp. Given that HLA may play a role in the balance of evolutionary selection, the frequency distribution of 14 bp in the population may not be only determined by the genetic background. Other factors such as natural selection may break the genetic background of the insertion / deletion polymorphism of HLA-G14bp The impact of sexual distribution.