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本文借助于光弹性实验就金属拉伸试验的两个主要尺寸:过渡弧半径R的大小:宽度b的大小,在拉伸试验中对其应力分布的影响进行了研究。为制定《金属拉伸试样》国家标准、确定试样尺寸提供了依据。同时导出了试样不同断裂面位置对试验数据精确度的影响程度,为在拉伸试验中,筛选试验数据提供了参考依据,此外,还讨论了试验过程中,试样夹持位置对应力分布的影响。
In this paper, by means of photoelasticity experiment, the two main dimensions of metal tensile test: the size of transitional radius R, the width b, and its influence on the stress distribution in tensile test were studied. In order to develop “metal tensile test” national standards, to determine the size of the sample provided the basis. At the same time, the influence of the position of different fracture surfaces on the accuracy of the test data is derived, which provides a reference for screening the test data in the tensile test. In addition, the stress distribution of the sample holding position during the test is also discussed Impact.