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1939年到1943年,国民党顽固派掀起三次反共高潮,对陕甘宁边区进行军事包围和经济封锁,边区财政经济面临着极其严重的困难,几乎没有衣服鞋袜,没有食用油和蔬菜,粮食也很困难。如何战胜困难、巩固边区,夺取抗战胜利,是边区军民面临的严峻挑战。毛泽东尖锐地指出,饿死呢?解散呢?还是自己动手呢?饿死是没有一个人赞成的,解散也是没有一个人赞成的,还是自己动手吧——这就是我们的回答。在党中央、西北局和边区政府的领导下,陕甘宁边区军民开展了轰轰烈烈的大生产运动。
From 1939 to 1943, the Kuomintang die-hards launched three anti-communal climaxes and carried out military siege and economic blockade of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region. The financial and economic conditions in the border areas were faced with extremely serious difficulties. There were almost no clothes, footwear, edible oil and vegetables, no foodstuffs, Very difficult. How to overcome the difficulties, consolidate the border areas and win the victory of the war of resistance are the serious challenges that the armed forces in the border areas face. Mao Zedong pointedly pointed out: "Are we starving to death? Dissolution? Or are we going to do it ourselves? There is no such thing as starvation to death, no one to disagree with, or do it yourself - that’s our answer. Under the leadership of the Party Central Committee, the Northwest Bureau and the border government, the armed forces in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region carried out a vigorous mass-production campaign.