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冰盖表面消融是格陵兰冰盖物质平衡的重要组成部分,已成为近年来格陵兰冰盖研究的热点.格陵兰冰盖表面消融研究的关键在于理解冰盖融水的产生、运移和释放等水文过程,需要解决如下关键科学问题:1)冰盖表面产生了多少融水;2)冰盖表面水文系统具有什么特征;3)冰盖表面融水如何影响冰盖运动;围绕这些科学问题,总结了格陵兰冰盖表面消融的研究进展.冰盖表面消融建模、冰盖表面湖的信息提取与面积特征变化、深度反演与体积量算等是目前研究冰盖表面融水量的主要途径,冰盖表面湖、冰盖表面径流、锅穴与冰裂隙等表面水文要素的空间分布规律研究则可用于揭示冰盖表面水文系统特征,冰盖表面融水与冰盖运动速率的关系、表面融水进入冰盖内部与底部的水文过程是目前揭示表面融水如何影响冰盖运动的主要手段.
Ice surface ablation is an important part of Greenland ice sheet material balance and has become a hot spot in Greenland ice sheet research in recent years.The key point of Greenland ice sheet surface ablation research is to understand the hydrological process of ice sheet melting, such as generation, migration and release , The following key scientific issues need to be addressed: 1) how much melt water is generated on the surface of the ice sheet, 2) what characteristics of the surface hydrological system are on the ice sheet, 3) how ice melt on the surface of the ice sheet affects ice sheet movement, Research progress on surface ablation of ice sheets in Greenland is the main approach to study the amount of meltwater on the surface of ice sheets by modeling ice surface ablation, information extraction and area feature changes, depth inversion and volumetric calculation of ice surface, The study on the spatial distribution of surface hydrological elements such as surface lakes, ice sheet surface runoffs, potholes and ice cracks can be used to reveal the characteristics of hydrological systems on the surface of ice sheets, the relation between the surface melting of ice sheet and the movement speed of ice sheets, The hydrological process inside and at the bottom of the ice cap is currently the main means of revealing how the surface melt affects ice sheet movement.