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目的探讨糖尿病合并下呼吸道感染(LRTI)患者的临床特点及危险因素。方法 403例2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者分为合并LRTI(A组,203例)和无LRTI(B组,200例)两组,分析糖尿病合并LRTI的临床特点及危险因素。结果 A组患者发热为主者占66.50%(135/203)、伴有咳嗽咳痰占51.23%(104/203);痰液病原菌培养阳性率80.30%(革兰氏阴性菌占71.78%)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,患者年龄大、血糖控制不良、肺通气功能不良、低蛋白血症、血β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)升高是引起糖尿病患者合并有LRTI发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病合并LRTI病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主;患者年龄大、血糖控制不良、肺通气功能不良、低蛋白血症和血β2-MG升高是引起患者发生LRTI的主要危险因素。
Objective To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of patients with diabetic lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). Methods 403 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were divided into two groups: LRTI group (203 cases) and LRTI group (200 cases). The clinical features and risk factors of diabetic patients with LRTI were analyzed. Results A group of patients with fever accounted for 66.50% (135/203), accompanied by cough and sputum accounted for 51.23% (104/203); sputum pathogens culture positive rate was 80.30% (Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.78%). Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that patients with age, poor glycemic control, poor lung ventilation, hypoproteinemia, elevated blood β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) is caused by diabetic patients with LRTI independent risk Factor (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens of LRTI in patients with diabetes mellitus. The older patients with poor glycemic control, pulmonary dysfunction, hypoproteinemia and elevated serum β2-MG are the major risk factors for LRTI.