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目的了解防城港市2010—2015年HIV/AIDS流行病学特征,为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法从艾滋病综合防治信息系统中下载并收集防城港市2010—2015年的疫情数据进行统计分析。结果防城港市2010—2015年HIV/AIDS疫情流行强度减弱,报告病例自2012年起出现逐年下降趋势。6年间共报告HIV/AIDS 1 858例,其中HIV 784例(42.20%)、AIDS 1 074例(57.80%);男女性别比为2.38∶1;年龄以15~49岁青壮年为主,但呈逐年降低趋势,构成比从2010年的62.90%逐年降低至2015年的48.09%,而≥50岁组的构成比逐年上升,2015年首次超过青壮年,为51.49%;职业以农民为主占53.50%;初中以下低学历人群占86.17%;已婚有配偶者占67.87%;异性性传播占95.32%;所有镇(乡、街道)均有病例报告,局部地区疫情较重,病例以各县(市、区)城区和港口人流、物流频繁及沿边边贸活跃乡镇为主,占57.97%;病例发现途径以其他就诊者检测为主,占53.34%;病例晚发现率为57.80%。结论防城港市HIV/AIDS疫情呈逐年下降趋势,城区和海港人流物流频繁地区、沿边边贸活跃乡镇是疫情重点地区,低学历、农民和≥50岁人群已成为主要高危人群,异性性传播是主要传播途径,存在病例发现晚的问题;应加大对这些重点地区、人群和环节的监测,扩大检测和干预工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HIV / AIDS in Fangchenggang from 2010-2015 and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and treatment strategies. Methods The data of epidemic situation in Fangchenggang from 2010 to 2015 were downloaded and collected from the comprehensive AIDS prevention and control information system for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of HIV / AIDS epidemics in Fangchenggang decreased from 2010 to 2015, and the reported cases decreased year by year since 2012. A total of 1 858 cases of HIV / AIDS were reported in 6 years, of which 784 were HIV (42.20%) and 1 074 (57.80%) were AIDS. The male / female ratio was 2.38:1. The age was mainly in young adults aged 15-49 years Year-on-year. The compositional ratio decreased year by year from 62.90% in 2010 to 48.09% in 2015, while that of the group of ≥50 years of age increased year by year, surpassing that of young adults for the first time in 2015, accounting for 51.49%; 53.50 %; Junior high school below the low educated population accounted for 86.17%; married couples accounted for 67.87%; heterosexual transmission accounted for 95.32%; all towns (townships, streets) have case reports, severe cases in some areas, the cases in counties ( Municipalities and districts). Urban and port traffic, frequent logistics and along the border trade active townships, accounting for 57.97%; case detection approach to other treatment of patients, accounting for 53.34%; case late detection rate of 57.80%. Conclusion The HIV / AIDS epidemic in Fangchenggang City showed a declining trend year by year. In urban areas and seaports, the flow of people is frequent and the townships with border trade are the key areas. Low education, peasants and people over 50 years old have become the main high-risk groups. Heterosexual transmission is the main transmission Ways, there is the problem of late detection of cases; should increase the monitoring of these key areas, people and aspects of the expansion of testing and intervention.