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惩罚性赔偿即超出实际损失的赔偿。惩罚性赔偿具有中间性的特性决定了它应适用介于“优势证据”和“排除合理怀疑”之间的“确定而令人信服”的证明标准,对于其举证责任仍适用“谁主张,谁举证”的原则,在此基础上,对惩罚性赔偿的适用范围和惩罚金额进行规范。文章认为惩罚性赔偿可以适用于所有刑法禁止的行为,其提起诉求的主体除了受害人、国家还可以扩大到律师,至于惩罚性赔偿的金额建议采用比例责任制并且可以剥夺不法行为给行为人带来的净利润。
Punitive damages that exceed the actual loss of compensation. The intermediate nature of the punitive damages determines that it should apply the “definite and convincing” proof standard between the “superior evidence” and the “reasonable suspicion” that the burden of proof Apply “Who advocates, who evidence ” principle, on this basis, the scope of application of punitive damages and penalties for the amount of norms. The article holds that punitive damages can be applied to all prohibited acts of criminal law. In addition to the victim, the state can also expand the country to lawyers. As for the amount of punitive damages, it is suggested to adopt a proportional responsibility system and to deprive the wrongdoers of behavior To the net profit.