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哺乳动物细胞表达的乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg),可分泌至胞外,正确糖基化,已成为理想的表达系统,其中提高表达水平后选择合适的表达体系是当前这一领域的研究热点。可采用强启动子及扩增HEsAg基因拷贝数的方法提高整合性载体系统的HBsAg基因的表达水平;非整合性基因载体(如BPV)也广泛应用于HBsAg基因的表达中;利用热休克蛋白启动子hsp70及昆虫细胞多角体蛋白启动子表达HBsAg是最新的研究进展;牛痘病毒载体是制备HEsAg的一个独特的研究方向。由于pre—S_2编码的55氨基酸顺序台聚人血清白蛋白(PHSA)受体,对病毒的消除起关键作用;另外还含抗原决定簇,与S-抗原的抗原决定簇同时免疫效果更好,因此制备含PHSA受体与HBsAg的多肽是今后乙肝疫苗制备的发展方向。除重组乙肝疫苗外,第三代的乙肝疫苗——合成肽疫苗,以及第四代的乙肝疫苗——抗独特型抗体疫苗,其研究工作正在迅速展开。
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) expressed by mammalian cells secreted extracellularly and correctly glycosylated has become an ideal expression system. It is currently the hotspot in this field to select proper expression system after the expression level of HBsAg is increased. HBsAg gene expression can be enhanced by using strong promoters and amplification of HEsAg gene copy number. Non-integrated gene vectors (such as BPV) are also widely used in the expression of HBsAg gene; using heat shock protein to start The expression of HBsAg in hsp70 and insect cell polyhedrin promoters is the latest research progress; vaccinia virus vector is a unique research direction for the preparation of HEsAg. As the pre-S_2 encoded 55 amino acid sequence homopolymeric human serum albumin (PHSA) receptor, the elimination of the virus plays a key role; also contains antigenic determinants, and antigenic determinants of S-antigen at the same time better immune effect, Therefore, the preparation of peptides containing PHSA receptor and HBsAg is the future development of hepatitis B vaccine preparation. In addition to recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, the third generation of hepatitis B vaccine - synthetic peptide vaccine, and the fourth generation of hepatitis B vaccine - anti-idiotypic antibody vaccine, and its research work is rapidly expanding.