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水稻(Oryza sativa)是我国最重要的粮食作物之一,在保障国家持续的粮食供给中扮演着重要角色。根系作为水稻生长发育必不可少的器官,间接地决定着水稻地上部产量、品质、抗逆及广适性等诸多农艺性状的表现。近年来,随着水稻根系法的不断改进和图位克隆技术的完善及广泛应用,水稻根系研究也取得了较大进展,并已成功定位、分离、克隆了一些控制水稻根系的相关基因。该文从水稻根系法、相关性、基因定位、克隆及功能解析等层面综述了国内外水稻根系的研究进展,并阐述了水稻根系研究存在的问题和今后研究的重点。
Oryza sativa, one of the most important food crops in our country, plays an important role in ensuring the country’s continued food supply. As an essential organ for growth and development of rice, root system indirectly determines the performance of many agronomic traits such as yield, quality, resistance and adaptability of shoots. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the rice root method and the improvement and widespread application of map cloning techniques, great progress has been made in the research of the rice root system. Some related genes controlling the rice root system have been successfully isolated, cloned and cloned. This paper reviews the research progress of rice root at home and abroad from the aspects of rice root system, correlation, gene mapping, cloning and functional analysis. The paper also expatiates on the existing problems in rice root research and the focus of future research.