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德国大学的架构不同于英国的学院制(college)大学,而是基本沿用了中世纪大学的系制(Fakulitt)。中世纪大学一般是四系制,即哲学系(一开始叫人文系)、神学系、法学系、医学系。随着大学和社会的发展,后来哲学系内部分化出自然科学系(其传统四个专业方向为物理学、化学、生物学和地理学)和社会科学系,后者后来又分化为不同的专业领域。今天,Fakulitt在不同的语境可以翻译为不同的词汇:学系或者学部。
The structure of a German university differs from that of a college in the United Kingdom, but basically follows the system of a medieval university (Fakulitt). Medieval universities are generally four systems, namely philosophy (the beginning is called the Department of Humanities), theology, law, medicine. With the development of universities and societies, later the department of philosophy divided itself into departments of natural sciences (four of whose traditional professions were physics, chemistry, biology and geography) and social sciences, which later became differentiated into different professions field. Today, Fakulitt can be translated into different terms in different contexts: department or department.