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血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)的病理和生理作用一、VEGF的异构体血管内皮细胞生长因子(vascular endothelial growthfactor,VEGF)因其能增加微血管的通透性,最初被命名为血管渗透因子(vascular permeability factor,VPF)。近年研究表明,VEGF是一个细胞因子家族,包括VEGF-A、VEGF-B、VEGF-C、VEGF-D、VEGF-E和胎盘生长因子(placenta growthfactor,PIGF)等多个成员。在不同的生物种群中VEGF具有高度同源性。剔除VEGF基因的老鼠在胚胎期即死亡,说明VEGF具有重要的生理作用。VEGF是一高度保守的二硫键连接的二聚体糖蛋白,编码的基因位于6号染色体短臂上,包含8个外显子和7个内含子。经过选择性剪切,主要形成5种不同的产物,如VEGF121、VEGF145、VEGF165、VEGF189和VEGF206。这些异构体的生物活性各有不同,主要取决于其有无外显子6和7所编码的肝素结合结构域。
Pathological and Physiological Effects of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) I. Isoforms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Because of its ability to increase the permeability of microvessels, it was originally named vascular permeability factor ( vascular permeability factor, VPF). Recent studies have shown that VEGF is a family of cytokines, including VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E and placenta growth factor (PIGF) and other members. VEGF is highly homologous in different biological species. Mice that had been knocked out of the VEGF gene died during the embryonic period, suggesting that VEGF has an important physiological role. VEGF is a highly conserved disulfide-linked dimeric glycoprotein encoded by the short arm of chromosome 6, which contains eight exons and seven introns. After selective cleavage, five different products mainly form, such as VEGF121, VEGF145, VEGF165, VEGF189 and VEGF206. The biological activity of these isomers varies, depending on whether or not they have the heparin-binding domains encoded by exons 6 and 7.