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杏树保护地栽培,尤其是经过多年连续扣棚,造成土壤中盐分积聚而引起的土壤盐渍化是生产中普遍存在的问题,应引起高度重视,设法加以解决。 造成土壤盐渍化的原因主要是由于:1.自然降雨淋溶淋洗轻,矿物离子、盐类物质在土壤表层积聚;2.在保护地条件下,尤其是在高温干旱条件下,土壤深层盐分上返,表层耕作土壤盐渍化加剧;3.施肥不当,尤其是超量施用化肥,比如大量使用硫酸钾、氯化钾、硝酸钾等。因杏树根系不能吸收硫酸根离子、氯离子,使其滞留土壤中;4.砂质土壤、粘板土壤,其缓冲能力弱,土壤更易盐渍化。
Cultivation of almond trees in protected areas, especially soil salinization caused by the accumulation of salt in the soil after many years of continuous shedding, is a common problem in production and should be given high priority and managed to be solved. The causes of soil salinization are mainly due to: 1. Natural rainfall leaching light, mineral ions, salts in the soil surface accumulation; 2. Under protected conditions, especially in high temperature and drought conditions, deep soil Salinity return to top surface soil salinization worse; 3 improper fertilization, especially over-fertilization, such as the extensive use of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate and so on. Because apricot roots can not absorb sulfate ions, chloride ions, leaving it in the soil; 4. sandy soil, clay plate soil, the buffer capacity is weak, the soil more salinized.