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为证实周细胞增生和分化与慢性肺动脉高压的关系，用ＭＴＴ法、流式细胞术及免疫组化分别检测低氧对培养的大鼠肺血管周细胞的增生及活性、细胞周期和增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ） 表达的影响。同时复制慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠模型，定量分析腺泡内肺动脉（ＩＡＰＡ）三种类型血管的构成比及其结构改变。结果表明，低氧组周细胞的ＭＴＴ和ＰＣＮＡ吸光度均较常氧组高。细胞周期中， 处于Ｇ０、Ｇ１ 期的细胞百分值， 低氧组较常氧组低， 但Ｓ期细胞百分值升高。低氧组大鼠ＩＡＰＡ内环肌型动脉构成比和α－ＳＭ－ａｃｔｉｎ 抗原表达的吸光度较常氧组者高。结论： 低氧促进肺血管周细胞的增生、分化可能是无肌型肺动脉肌化的重要细胞来源和慢性肺动脉高压发生的重要结构基础
To confirm the relationship between pericyte proliferation and differentiation and chronic pulmonary hypertension, the proliferation and activity of pulmonary pericytes in cultured rat lungs were detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry respectively. The cell cycle and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. At the same time, chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension rat model was duplicated to quantitatively analyze the constituent ratio of the three types of blood vessels in the acinar pulmonary artery (IAPA) and its structural changes. The results showed that hypoxic group of pericytes MTT and PCNA absorbance were higher than the normoxic group. Cell cycle, in the G0, G1 phase of the cell percentage, hypoxic group was lower than the normoxia group, but the percentage of S phase cells increased. The hypoxic group of IAPA inner muscular artery IAPA ratio and α-SM-actin antigen expression higher than the normoxia group. CONCLUSION: Hypoxia can promote the proliferation and differentiation of pulmonary vascular cells, which may be an important structural basis for the origin of non-muscular pulmonary arteries and the occurrence of chronic pulmonary hypertension