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目的探讨不同的奶方喂养对早产儿生长发育影响的研究。方法选择本院新生儿科2011年1月-2015年12月247例800~1 500g的早产儿,分为单纯生母母乳组78例(A组),生母母乳+母乳强化剂组75例(B组),无母乳愿意接受捐赠母乳者为捐赠母乳+母乳强化剂组49例(C组)和无母乳且不愿接受捐赠乳者予早产儿配方奶组45例(D组)。所有入选者均采取积极喂养措施,观察各组早产儿完全肠内喂养、体格生长发育、并发症发生情况、平均住院时间等项目。结果头围、体重、身长等体格发育指标、喂养达100Cal/(kg·d)时间、恢复出生体重的时间单纯生母母乳组较其他三组慢、静脉营养应用时间长,差异有统计学意义,其他三组之间差异无统计学意义;出院后1年内感染事件发生例次早产儿配方奶组较其他各组几率高,差异有统计学意义,其他三组之间差异无统计学意义;胆汁淤积发生率、住院时间、喂养不耐受、出院时宫外发育迟缓发生率等四组之间差异无统计学意义。结论早产儿生母母乳加母乳强化剂为最佳奶方,其次为捐赠母乳加母乳强化剂,在两者均不能得到的情况下,早产儿配方奶也是为一种较好的奶方喂养方式。
Objective To investigate the effects of different milk formulas on the growth and development of premature infants. Methods A total of 247 preterm infants of 800 to 1 500 g in our department of neonatology from January 2011 to December 2015 were selected and divided into 78 cases (group A), 75 cases of pure mother’s milk and breast augmentation group (group B) ), No breast milk willing to receive donated breast milk for the donation of breast milk + breast augmentation group of 49 patients (group C) and non-breastfeeding and unwilling to receive donated milk to preterm infant formula group of 45 patients (group D). All candidates were taken active feeding measures to observe the complete enteral feeding of preterm infants in each group, physical growth and development, the incidence of complications, the average length of stay and other projects. Results Body head circumference, weight, body length and other physical development indicators, feeding time of 100Cal / (kg · d), the time to restore birth weight pure mother breast milk group than the other three groups of slow, intravenous nutrition for a long time, the difference was statistically significant, There was no significant difference among the other three groups. The incidence of infection cases in the first year after discharge was higher in the formula milk group than in other groups, the difference was statistically significant. The difference between the other three groups was not statistically significant. The bile The incidence of siltation, hospital stay, feeding intolerance, discharge rate of ectopic pregnancy was not significantly different among the four groups. Conclusion Preterm infant breast milk plus breast milk fortifier is the best milk, followed by donated breast milk plus breast milk fortifier, both of which can not be obtained, preterm infant formula is also a better milk feeding.