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目的了解贵州省某煤矿工人生命质量现状及其影响因素,为职业卫生管理工作提供参考依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对贵州省某煤矿250名男性井下在岗工人进行职业健康检查,同时应用国际通用的生命质量调查表(SF-36量表)对其进行生命质量调查及影响因素分析。结果职业健康检查发现29例疑似尘肺,12例疑似噪声聋,19例噪声作业禁忌证;肺功能不同程度损害的126例,偶尔和经常有呼吸道症状的88例;偶尔和经常有听觉系统症状的83例,偶尔和经常有腰背痛症状的191例。多元逐步回归分析显示,生命质量的影响因素大小依次为职业危害工龄、呼吸道症状、肺功能、胸片检查、家庭收入来源、腰背痛症状、月收入。结论煤矿工人生命质量较低,其影响因素是多方面的,各级职业卫生管理部门需采取综合措施提高煤矿工人们的生命质量。
Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of the quality of life of a coalmine worker in Guizhou Province and provide a reference for occupational health management. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to conduct occupational health examination of 250 male underground mine workers in a coal mine in Guizhou Province. At the same time, an international quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) was used to investigate the quality of life and influencing factors . Results Occupational health examination found that 29 cases were suspected pneumoconiosis, 12 cases were suspected of noise deafness and 19 cases were noise contraindications; 126 cases of lung function damage to varying degrees, and occasional and often respiratory symptoms of 88 cases; occasional and often have hearing system symptoms 83 cases, occasionally and often have low back pain symptoms in 191 cases. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the quality of life were occupationally hazardous working age, respiratory symptoms, lung function, chest radiography, family income, low back pain and monthly income. Conclusion The quality of life of coal miners is low with many influencing factors. Occupational health administrative departments at all levels need to take comprehensive measures to improve the quality of life of coal miners.