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禾谷镰孢菌是一种极具破坏性的植物病原真菌,能够引起小麦、大麦、玉米和水稻等禾谷类作物的穗腐、根腐、苗枯、茎腐和颈腐等病害,其中穗腐病的危害遍及全球,被侵染的谷物中含有单端孢霉烯类毒素,被人或牲畜误食会引起呕吐,甚至威胁生命。了解禾谷镰孢菌在宿主体内的侵染过程和致病机理,将有助于寻找到新的抗赤霉病的靶位点。最近,中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所唐威华课题组对禾谷镰孢菌在小麦胚芽鞘中的生长过程进行细致观察,并运用激光显微切割和芯片杂交技术获得该真菌在宿主体内不同时期的表达谱。通过与体外培养的真菌表达谱的比较发现,禾谷镰孢菌在侵染进程中伴随着侵染策略的变化,并对在宿主体内上调表达的几个真菌基因进行了功能验证。这可能有利于寻找环境友好型的生物制剂来防治禾谷镰孢菌带来的病害,并对不同感染程度的植物分别医治以期达到更好的效果。
Fusarium graminearum is a highly destructive plant pathogenic fungus that causes diseases such as ear rot, root rot, shoot rot, stem rot and neck rot in cereal crops such as wheat, barley, corn and rice, The harmful effects of rot are widespread throughout the world. Trichothecene toxins are contained in the infected grains and can cause vomiting and even life-threatening if consumed by humans or livestock. Understanding the infection process and pathogenic mechanism of Fusarium graminearum in the host will help to find the new target site for scab resistance. Recently, the research group of Tang Weihua, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a detailed observation on the growth process of Fusarium graminearum in wheat cole sheath and obtained the results of laser microdissection and chip hybridization in the host In vivo expression profiles at different stages. Comparisons of fungal expression profiles with in vitro cultures showed that Fusarium graminearum was associated with changes in infection strategy during the infection process and functional validation of several fungal genes that were up-regulated in the host. This may be conducive to the search for environmentally friendly biological agents to prevent and treat diseases caused by Fusarium graminearum and to treat the plants at different levels of infection in order to achieve better results.