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陝北綏德、米脂一带,多年来有夏播馬鈴薯的习慣,由于栽培管理不当,历年产量仅在100～500斤左右。近十几年来,馬鈴薯晚疫病又猖獗为害,正当結薯阶段,病害每大发生,产量損失惨重,对馬鈴薯栽培是一极大威胁。最近两、三年在川水地上有不少生产队試种春馬鈴薯(当地称夏洋芋,把夏播馬鈴薯称秋洋芋)获得成功,可避过晚疫病为害,一般亩产可达1千斤左右,既解决了一部分夏秋口粮,又能复种白菜,充分利用地力,因此播种面积有逐年扩大趋势。只是种植年限较短,各地技术措施不一,产量变幅较大,如59年产量差別在500斤到3500斤之間。为了使今后春播馬鈴薯在大面积上获得丰产,我們作了一些調查,着重总結了亩产2千斤以上的技术經验,本文仅就調查所及提出几个問題,进行討論。
North Suide, Mizhi area, the habit of summer sowing potatoes over the years, due to improper cultivation and management, calendar year output of only about 100 to 500 pounds. In the last ten years or so, the late blight of potato is rampant. At the proper stage of tuberosity, every major disease occurs, the yield is very heavy, which is a great threat to potato cultivation. In recent two or three years, many production teams tried their best to plant spring potatoes (locally called summer potato and summer sowing potatoes as fall potatoes) on the ground in Sichuan and succeeded in avoiding the late blight. The average output per mu could reach about 1 kilogram , Not only solved part of the summer and fall rations, but also re-cabbage, make full use of fertility, so the sown area has expanded year by year. Only a short period of planting, technical measures vary across regions, larger yield fluctuations, such as 59 years yield difference between 500 pounds to 3500 pounds. In order to make the next spring harvest of potatoes in a large area to achieve high yield, we made some surveys, focusing on the summary of the mu production of more than 2 kg of technical experience, this article only on the survey and raised several issues for discussion.