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西藏位于我国西南部,存在着各种自然疫源性疾病,鼠疫始终处于活跃状态,西藏山南和日喀则地区还存在炭疽、布鲁氏菌病和狂犬病等自然疫源性疾病。对该地区的人群血清学调查还发现了类鼻疽、莱姆病、弓形体、Q热等人群抗体阳性者,应重视该地区这种特殊生态环境所构成的自然疫源地。对西藏边境口岸145名尼泊尔人进行了立克次体的血清抗体检测,结果发现有抗斑疹伤寒、斑点热、Q热血清抗体阳性,提示应加强该地区的检疫监测工作。西藏隆子、山南、日喀则地区进行的小型兽类及其体外寄生螨的调查结果显示,虽然未发现恙虫病的已知媒介种(纤恙螨属的螨种),当地正常人血清也未发现恙虫病立克次体抗体,但发现该区岩栖纤恙和乌兰纤恙螨数量多,分布广,应引起注意。森林地带和灌丛草地捕获的游离蜱以长须血蜱为主,由于长须血蜱个体较小,进入林区的人员应多加注意。喜马拉雅山东段广大地区,吸血双翅目昆虫主要危害类群是蠓,蚋其次,虻、蚊数量有限;危害主要场所是地势平坦有小溪的灌木草丛或沼泽草地。
Tibet is located in the southwestern part of China. There are various natural foci of endemic diseases. The plague is always in an active state. Natural epidemic diseases such as anthrax, brucellosis and rabies still exist in the areas of Shannan and Shigatse in Tibet. Serological surveys of people in the area also found that those with positive gonococcal disease, Lyme disease, toxoplasmosis, Q fever, and others should pay attention to the natural foci posed by this special ecological environment in the area. Anti-typhus, spot fever and Q-positive serum antibody were detected in 145 Ritviks of Nepalese people at the Tibetan border crossing, suggesting that quarantine surveillance should be strengthened in this area. A survey of small mammals and their parasitic mites carried out in Longzhai, Shannan and Shigatse areas in Tibet shows that although no known vector species of tsutsugamushi (mite species of chiggeria) was found, tsutsugamushi Rickettsia antibody, but found that the number of rock chordae and Ulanus chigger mites in this area is large and distributed widely, which should be noticed. Trapping of ticks in forestlands and shrublands is dominated by C. longifolia and due to the small population of C. longiflorum, people entering the forest should pay more attention. In the eastern part of the Himalayas, the main hazard groups of the blood-sucking Dipterans are 蠓 and 蚋 followed by the limited number of 虻 and mosquitoes. The main places harmed are shrubs or swamps with flat streams.