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目的研究尾吊模拟失重对雌、雄性大鼠第5腰椎背根神经节(dorsal root ganglion,DRG)微观结构的影响。方法成年雌、雄性大鼠各20只,按性别和是否模拟失重随机分为4组。实验组尾部悬吊建模。4周后取第5腰椎双侧DRG,HE和甲苯胺蓝染色观察细胞和尼氏体形态,电镜观测髓鞘板层结构,免疫组化检测髓鞘碱性蛋白(myelin basic protein,MBP)含量。结果模拟失重组DRG细胞间隙轻度增宽,部分节细胞与卫星细胞分离;尼氏体结构蓬松、肿胀,染色不均匀。电镜下模拟失重组髓鞘板层结构紊乱、松散;免疫组化结果显示,尾吊组MBP染色减轻,积分光密度(integral optical density,IOD)值较对照组降低(P<0.01);不同性别间差异显著(P<0.05)。结论模拟失重导致背根神经节细胞、细胞器及MBP的改变,雌性组DRG的损伤较雄性组更严重,提示航天医疗应个性化对待此种差异。
Objective To investigate the effect of tail hangover simulated weightlessness on the microstructure of the fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in female and male rats. Methods Twenty adult female rats and 20 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to sex and simulated weightlessness. Experimental group tail suspension modeling. Four weeks later, the morphology of myelin and lamellae were observed with DRG, HE and toluidine blue staining of the 5th lumbar vertebra. The myelin lamellar structure was observed with electron microscope. The content of myelin basic protein (MBP) . Results In simulated weightlessness group, the interstitial spaces of DRG were slightly widened, and some of the cells were separated from satellite cells. The structure of Nissl body was fluffy, swollen and unevenly stained. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the MBP staining in the tail suspension group was reduced and the integral optical density (IOD) value was lower than that in the control group (P <0.01) The difference was significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Simulated weightlessness leads to the changes of dorsal root ganglion cells, organelles and MBP. The damage of DRG in female group is more serious than that in male group, suggesting that space medical treatment should be personalized to treat this kind of difference.