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以吡啶为原料,制备一系列离子液体,并将其应用于催化棕榈酸和乙醇的酯化反应。考察醇酸物质的量比、反应时间、催化剂用量等因素对棕榈酸酯化率的影响,并采用响应面分析法对棕榈酸乙酯的合成反应条件进行优化。试验结果表明,吡啶丙烷磺酸硫酸氢盐([PPS]HSO_4)催化剂具有最好的催化活性;以[PPS]HSO_4为催化剂时,棕榈酸乙酯的最佳合成条件为:醇酸物质的量比12∶1,反应时间2.0 h,催化剂用量为棕榈酸质量的6%。在该条件下,得最高酯化率88.9%,与模型预测值基本相符。
A series of ionic liquids were prepared from pyridine, and used to catalyze the esterification of palmitic acid with ethanol. The influence of alkyd ratio, reaction time and amount of catalyst on the esterification rate of palmitate was investigated. The reaction conditions of synthesis of ethyl palmitate were optimized by response surface methodology. The results showed that the best catalytic activity was obtained by the catalyst of bisulfate ([PPS] HSO_4). The optimal conditions for the synthesis of ethyl palmitate with [PPS] HSO_4 as catalyst were as follows: the amount of alkyd Ratio of 12: 1, reaction time 2.0 h, the amount of catalyst is 6% of the mass of palmitic acid. Under this condition, the highest esterification rate was 88.9%, which was basically consistent with the predicted value of the model.