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芬兰地处北欧一角,其国家形象一直隐匿于北欧的大形象之中。但其实芬兰国家精神有其自身的特点,与北欧其他国家和其他欧洲强国都有区别。本文深入研究中国文化在芬兰的翻译与传播之始,厘清在芬兰的语境下中国文化所凸显的特点。1917年芬兰宣布独立,在此之前芬兰与中国的交往主要依托于瑞典和俄国。中国文化的翻译到20世纪初才在芬兰萌芽,中芬交往和文化译介因此呈现出其独特之处:欧洲是先儒后道,而在芬兰的翻译恰恰是先道后儒,芬兰对中国文学初期的译介,其关注点为“抗争主题”和鲁迅的作品,同时受到芬兰“民族意识”运动的影响,尤为关注对中国古典文学的译介。
As Finland is situated in the northern corner of Europe, its national image has been hidden in the great image of northern Europe. But in fact Finland’s national spirit has its own characteristics, which are different from other Nordic countries and other European powers. This paper studies in depth the translation of Chinese culture in Finland and clarifies the prominent features of Chinese culture in the context of Finland. Finland declared independence in 1917, before Finland mainly engaged with China in Sweden and Russia. The translation of Chinese culture did not germinate in Finland until the beginning of the 20th century. Therefore, Sino-Finnish exchanges and cultural translation therefore showed their uniqueness: Europe was the first to follow Confucianism, and the translation in Finland was precisely the first to the second Confucianism. Literary translation and introduction, whose focus is “the theme of struggle” and Lu Xun’s works, while being influenced by the Finnish “national consciousness” movement, with particular attention to the translation of Chinese classical literature.