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晚二叠世长兴期至三叠纪末,地球经历了一系列重大全球性事件,全球的地质和古地理环境以及生物群都发生了巨大的改变。对于海洋底栖的腕足动物来说,影响尤为巨大,发生了明显的属种更替。本文通过全球1 421个化石点采集到的9 934条分属2 458种、482属、105科、12目的腕足动物化石数据,建立这一时期的腕足动物全球数据库,在此基础上分析腕足类多样性从长兴期到三叠纪各期的演变规律。从腕足动物分异度变化来看,晚二叠世长兴期到三叠纪末经历了一个灭绝期、残存期、萧条期、复苏-辐射期和灭绝期的过程。腕足动物的属种构成也发生了巨大变化,晚二叠世主要以长身贝目、直形贝目、石燕贝目、小嘴贝目、正形贝目和无窗贝目为主,此外还包括穿孔贝目、准石燕贝目、舌形贝目等属种多样性较低的类型。受二叠纪末大灭绝事件影响,长身贝目、直形贝目和正形贝目灭绝,在中—晚三叠世大量繁盛的主要是小嘴贝目、准石燕贝目和穿孔贝目分子。
From the Changxing Period to the end of Triassic in Late Permian, the Earth underwent a series of major global events. Great changes have taken place in the global geological and paleogeographical environments and biota. For marine benthic brachiopods, the impact is particularly dramatic, with significant genital alternations. In this paper, 9 934 fossils of Brachiopods belonging to 2 458 species, 482 genera, 105 families and 12 bracts collected from 1,421 fossil sites in the world were used to establish a global database of brachiopods in this period. On this basis, The Evolution of Diversity from Changxing Period to Triassic Stages. Judging from the variation of brachiopod species, the Changping period from Late Permian to the end of Triassic experienced a process of extinction, remnant, depression, recovery-radiation and extinction. The genera composition of brachiopods also changed greatly. The Late Permian is mainly dominated by long-legged shellfish, Straight-shellfish, Sparraceae, Mouthbeak, Also includes perforation of the shellfish, quasi-stone Yanbei head, tongue-shaped shellfish and other species of lower genus types. Affected by the end of the Permian mass extinction, the long-bass, straight-bodied and anomalous bivalvia were extinct. In the Middle-Late Triassic, the thriving population was mainly the small beak, quasi-beech and perforation molecular.