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目的:对哮喘患儿不同时期自然杀伤T细胞(NKT细胞)的变化进行研究,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法:选择2012年6月~2013年6月间来该院门诊就诊的支气管哮喘患儿80例,根据其病程分为急性发作期组(46例)和缓解期组(34例),选择同期进行体检的40名健康儿童作为正常组,采用流式细胞仪对外周血NKT细胞和T细胞亚群进行分析,检测不同时间段NKT细胞的细胞因子白细胞介素4(IL-4)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素10(IL-10)水平。结果:CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+及NKT细胞百分比各组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中急性发作期组的CD4+、CD4+/CD8+百分比高于缓解期组和正常组,CD8+、NKT细胞百分比低于缓解期组和正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着培养时间的延长,3组儿童血清IL-4水平均明显上升,不同时间段急性发作期组均高于缓解期组和正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),血清IL-10水平于培养48 h达到峰值,72 h后开始下降,不同时间段急性发作期组均高于缓解期组与正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:NKT细胞在哮喘急性发作期数量减少,细胞功能发生改变,两者密切相关,但具体机制仍需进一步研究。
Objective: To study the changes of natural killer T cells (NKTs) in children with asthma at different periods and provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods: Eighty children with bronchial asthma were selected from the hospital from June 2012 to June 2013. According to the course of the disease, they were divided into acute attack group (46 cases) and remission group (34 cases) Forty healthy children undergoing physical examination were selected as normal group. The levels of NKT cells and T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry. The levels of cytokine interleukin 4 (IL-4), interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels. Results: The percentages of CD4 +, CD8 +, CD4 + / CD8 + and NKT cells in each group were significantly different (P <0.05). The percentages of CD4 + and CD4 + / CD8 + in acute exacerbation group were higher than that in remission group and normal group The percentage of CD8 +, NKT cells in the three groups were lower than that in the remission group and the normal group (P <0.05). With the prolongation of culture time, the levels of serum IL-4 in three groups increased significantly The level of serum IL-10 peaked at 48 hours and began to decrease at 72 hours, and the level of IL-10 in different periods of time was higher than that of normal group (P <0.05) In remission group and normal group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The number of NKT cells in the acute episodes of asthma is decreased and the cell functions are changed, both of which are closely related, but the specific mechanism needs further study.