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在东南亚地区已发掘出很多古代稻谷,如果能从这些古稻谷中把DNA提出加以分析,可以得到有关栽培稻的系统分化和地理传播方面的直接信息。古代稻种的基因型相当复杂,必须要能从单粒种子开始分析,方能得到有价值的资料。为此,我们进行了从单粒古稻谷中提取DNA的研究工作。本研究采用通常提取植物组织中DNA的方法。从在日本挖掘出的古代稻谷单粒种子中提取出了50—100ng左右的DNA片段。以这些DNA作为模板,用聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)技术将DNA加以扩增。由其中几个DNA片段初步合成了相当于水稻光敏色素基因的DNA序列。
Many ancient rice have been excavated in Southeast Asia. If DNA can be analyzed from these ancient rice, direct information on the systematic differentiation and geographic spread of cultivated rice can be obtained. The ancient rice genotype is quite complex, we must be able to start from a single seed analysis, in order to get valuable information. For this reason, we conducted a research project of extracting DNA from single grain of rice. This study used the method of DNA extraction from plant tissues. About 50-100 ng of DNA fragments were extracted from single grain seeds of ancient rice excavated in Japan. Using these DNAs as templates, the DNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The DNA sequence corresponding to rice phytochrome gene was preliminarily synthesized from several DNA fragments.