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本文合成了１，３－取代方酸衍生物：１，３－双［４－二甲胺苯基］－２，４二羟基环丁二烯氢氧双内盐（ＤＭＣＳ），１，３－双［４－双十六烷胺苯基］－２，４二羟基环丁二烯氢氧双内盐（ＤＨＣＳ）。研究了ＤＭＣＳ和ＤＨＣＳ在不同溶剂中的光物理行为，估算了ＤＭＣＳ、ＤＨＣＳ的基态与激发态之间偶极矩差值。在ＣＴＡＢ胶束中，除ＤＭＣＳ单体分子外，ＤＭＣＳ形成了二聚体。在二氧六环－水体系中，研究了ＤＨＣＳ的簇集行为，并测定了ＤＨＣＳ的临界簇集组成（Ｃ＿ψ）及临界簇集浓度（Ｃ＿Ａ）
1,3-Substituted Squaric Acid Derivatives: 1,3-Bis [4-Dimethylaminophenyl] -2,4-Dihydroxycyclobutadiene Hydroxide Biparboxylate (DMCS), 1,3- Bis [4-dihexadecylamine phenyl] -2,4-dihydroxycyclobutadiene hydrohydroxide internal salt (DHCS). The photophysical behavior of DMCS and DHCS in different solvents was studied and the difference of dipole moment between ground state and excited state of DMCS and DHCS was estimated. In CTAB micelles, DMCS forms dimers in addition to the DMCS monomer molecules. In dioxane-water system, the clustering behavior of DHCS was studied, and the critical cluster composition (C_ψ) and critical cluster concentration (C_A) of DHCS were determined.